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Saturday, November 15, 2014

The Truth About Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) - Part 3

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OTHERS HOT INFO:
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Too much of a vitally important thing at the wrong time and as part of the wrong foods...

The mere presence of non-negligible amounts of glutamate in all sorts of "real" foods, should yet remind you that glutamate is not a toxin, or a "foreign substance" we are not evolutionary adapted to, but an amino acid that is of utmost importance for the health of your central nervous system (Platt. 2005). So that at the end of this analysis we may not be back at square one, but still have to concede that it brought us back to a set of very common motifs here at the SuppVersity:
  1. When consumed in excess, substances that are good, healthy, beneficial and even "vitally" (=vitamin ;-) important can easily turn against you
  2. When substances do not have to pass the gut, the dose-response relationship can differ so substantially that results that are acquired using route A (e.g. intraperitoneal injection) cannot simply be transfered to scenarios employing different administration routes (e.g. oral ingestion)
  3. Inter-individual/-species differences and differences between healthy and unhealthy individuals / animals, warrant utmost caution, when it comes to interpreting data - the "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome", for example, could be a result of increased gut and blood-brain-barrier permeability that would lead to an increased absorption of glutamate from the intestine into the blood and from there across the blood-brain-barrier right into the brain.
  4. Oftentimes, differences due to the aforementioned factors are not of simple quantitative, but of qualitative nature, in the case of MSG this would be the difference between the metabolic activation in response to the local activation of glutamate receptors in the gut that are connected to the vagus nerve, on the one hand, and the systemic / central obesogenic (fattening) effects of glutamate that leaks from the gut into the blood and from there into the brain.
And lastly, to eventually come full circle and remind you of the results of Collison et al., we cannot ignore that MSG is one of those substances that is usually found in foods with a whole host of other nutrient-poor ingredients, anti-nutrients and proven obesogenic, pro-inflammatory and otherwise unhealthy substances and food additives. They are wrapped in plastics have an extended shelf life due to tons of preservatives and highly adorned with stickers and labels saying "low this", "extra that", "only X amounts of calories", etc. - as long as you avoid those foods on 360+ days of the year, prepare your meals from whole foods, don't dine at cheap restaurants, fast-food outlets and snack bars too often or try to find the "optimal amount of supplemental MSG to stimulate your vagus nerve and help you shed fat" *lol*, you can calmly watch the ever-recurring MSG scares on the Internet and other mass media ;-)

COMPLETE LINKS FOR THIS ARTICLE:
  1. The Truth About Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) - Part 1
  2. The Truth About Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) - Part 2
  3. The Truth About Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) - Part 3

References:
  1. Afifi MM, Abbas AM. Monosodium glutamate versus diet induced obesity in pregnant rats and their offspring. Acta Physiol Hung. 2011 Jun;98(2):177-88.
  2. Bachmanov AA, Inoue M, Ji H, Murata Y, Tordoff MG, Beauchamp GK. Glutamate taste and appetite in laboratory mice: physiologic and genetic analyses. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sep;90(3):756S-763S. Epub 2009 Jul 1.
  3. Bachmanov AA, Inoue M, Ji H, Murata Y, Tordoff MG, Beauchamp GK. Glutamate taste and appetite in laboratory mice: physiologic and genetic analyses. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sep;90(3):756S-763S. Epub 2009 Jul 1.  
  4. Bunyan J, Murrell EA, Shah PP. The induction of obesity in rodents by means of monosodium glutamate. Br J Nutr. 1976 Jan;35(1):25-39.
  5. Collison KS, Maqbool Z, Saleh SM, Inglis A, Makhoul NJ, Bakheet R, Al-Johi M, Al-Rabiah R, Zaidi MZ, Al-Mohanna FA. Effect of dietary monosodium glutamate on trans fat-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Lipid Res. 2009 Aug;50(8):1521-37. Epub 2008 Nov 11.  
  6. Collison KS, Zaidi MZ, Saleh SM, Makhoul NJ, Inglis A, Burrows J, Araujo JA, Al-Mohanna FA. Nutrigenomics of hepatic steatosis in a feline model: effect of monosodium glutamate, fructose, and Trans-fat feeding. Genes Nutr. 2012 Apr;7(2):265-80. Epub 2011 Dec 6. 
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  8. Freeman M. Reconsidering the effects of monosodium glutamate: a literature review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2006 Oct;18(10):482-6.nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Lipid Res. 2009 Aug;50(8):1521-37. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
  9. Geha RS, Beiser A, Ren C, Patterson R, Greenberger PA, Grammer LC, Ditto AM, Harris KE, Shaughnessy MA, Yarnold PR, Corren J, Saxon A. Review of alleged reaction to monosodium glutamate and outcome of a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Nutr. 2000 Apr;130(4S Suppl):1058S-62S.
  10. Hermanussen M, García AP, Sunder M, Voigt M, Salazar V, Tresguerres JA. Obesity, voracity, and short stature: the impact of glutamate on the regulation of appetite. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jan;60(1):25-31. 
  11. Insawang T, Selmi C, CHa'on U et al. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) intake is associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a rural Thai population. Nutrition & Metabolism 2012, 9:50 doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-50
  12. Iwase M, Ichikawa K, Tashiro K, Iino K, Shinohara N, Ibayashi S, Yoshinari M, Fujishima M. Effects of monosodium glutamate-induced obesity in spontaneously hypertensive rats vs. Wistar Kyoto rats: serum leptin and blood flow to brown adipose tissue. Hypertens Res. 2000 Sep;23(5):503-10.
  13. Kondoh T, Torii K. MSG intake suppresses weight gain, fat deposition, and plasma leptin levels in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Physiol Behav. 2008 Sep 3;95(1-2):135-44. 
  14. Kondoh T, Tsurugizawa T, Torii K. Brain functional changes in rats administered with monosodium L-glutamate in the stomach. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009a Jul;1170:77-81.
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  22. Smriga M. COFAG comments on: "Monosodium glutamate-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in the rat: modulatory role of vitamin C, vitamin E and quercetin". Hum Exp Toxicol. 2007 Oct;26(10):833-4; author reply 835-6. 
  23. Tarasoff L, Kelly MF. Monosodium L-glutamate: a double-blind study and review.
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Source: http://suppversity.blogspot.com/2012/06/fat-thais-monosodium-glutamate-msg.html

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